Extended 4-Dimensional OpenGL e-book associated with electric material

The aim of this research is to develop a kind of 4 Dimensional electronic textbook (4D-Text) regarding a typical dielectrics material structure of Perovskit crystalline formations of Barium Titanate where 4D means a combined 1D directionfreely-viewing and 3D animation-ing is continuously extracting while being changed and scaled viewpoint as user chosen continuously. It is specific issue that e.g. Barium Titanium (IV) Oxide which crystallography 4D structural animation is discussed and relevantly addressing to virtual learning environments, e-learning tools, educational systems design and elearning organizational issues. Additionally it should be an actually-expected theme that crystalline Perovskite structure with a chemical formula ABX3 is constructed as follows; the type of anion spheres are X atoms (usually oxygens as O[2-]), the another type of spheres are B-atoms (a smaller metal cation, such as Ti[4+]) and the third type of spheres are the A-atoms (a larger metal cation, such as Ba[2+]). Then thermal transformation between lower temperature ferroelectorode and higher temperature paraelectorode would be discussed. Meanwhile, crystallographic pictured 4D-Text is as follows among these structures; the undistorted isometric-regular cubic, on the other hand, the symmetry lowered orthorhombic, tetragonal and trigonal in each Perovskites. It has been concluded that free OpenGL assisted 4D animation approach technique should be good way to achieve the organization for free 4D-Text e-learning using Free 3D viewing and manipulating the 4D animation data file created via MGF (MicroAVS Geometry File) approached. Additionally crystallography numerical data processing methods in Perovskit structure are to be using Freeware AWK language data-processing and extracting how to prepare the 4D with MGF. Therefore 4D-OpenGL Free e-Text is a possible guidance that enables studying Perovskit structure while changing a viewpoint directly to the instructor's guidance and accessing contents, transcribed by being captured screens and supplementary reference with properly alphanumeric characters and relevant information. Consequently, for the achievement of presented aim of Free 4D e-learning organizational issues, the technology of free-OpenGL is indispensable. Keywords—component; OpenGL; e-textbook Perovskit structure; dielectrics material; Barium Titanate


INTRODUCTION
It has been circulated many electronic textbook (etextbook) particularly in medical and biomedical areas and sections.Meanwhile these e-textbook is almost static type printing e.g.pdf type.There is even superior e-textbook content for medical operations to be able to overlook the image which the internal organs specimen, but most e-textbook do not almost reach enough they do not have an ability to introduce an image, that have no advantage over to preparation image for real specimens [1,2].
In addition, it has been now still developing circulated in the e-books market field involved in areas withoutside in medical and biomedical areas.
On the other hand in hand-craft-work level, recent computational graphic technology assisted 4D digital-data were strongly supported in our e-textbook field where 4D means a combined 1D direction-freely-viewing and 3D animation-ing is continuously extracting while being changed and scaled viewpoint as user chosen continuously.The representation procedure was developed by especially free-OpenGL (Open Graphics Library) that is a multi-language application programming interface for rendering multidimension vector graphics, and is typically specialized to interact with a graphics processing unit to achieve hardwareaccelerated rendering and with additionally interactive userinterface [3].
On the contrary meanwhile, in the material science education field, although now presenting ferroelectorode topics that is useful materials in the field of especially electronics additionally sensor-microtechnology, and higher temperature paraelectorode and lower ferroelectorode would be discussed difficultly because of the structural complextition of Perovskit structure system.But all the corners of the earth the ferroelectorode property is useful in industrial field [4].
So it is the aim of this research is to develop the e-textbook associated with Perovskit between the ferroelectorode and the paraelectorode regarding phase transition popery described and global di-electrics specification e-learning assistances with hand-craft-work level and free-software level procedures.

II. PRACTICAL PROCEDURE FOR THE WAY
TO 4D REPRESENTATION In this research firstly the totality free-software "3D AVS player" produced for only the MS-Windows platform was embraced [5].The free-based 3D AVS player is distributed as one of the data visualization toolkit of fee-based(not free) AVS/Express series presented by Advanced Visual Systems Inc. since 1991 and CYBERNET SYSTEMS CO.,LTD.assisted with Open-GL technology and additionally the 4D digital-data supported where 4D means a combined 1D direction-freely-viewing and 3D animation-ing is continuously extracting while being changed and scaled viewpoint as user chosen continuously.Furthermore the fee-based(not free) Micro-AVS (AVS/Express function-reduced version) was also www.ijacsa.thesai.orgpresented by CYBERNET SYSTEMS CO.,LTD.In order to keep a limitation for free-based development environments for data processing and also to keep free-based e-textbook distribution with handcraft-works level, in presented research it has been only used such a free-based "3D AVS player" and also free-based AWK which is an free-based interpreted programming language designed for text processing and typically used as a data extraction and reporting tool within Linux OS, Macintosh OS and optional-installed MS Windows OS.
In the Figure 1, an overall process illustrated flowchart has been shown that is the first hand-made prepared the multi-byte ASCII based static file that is MicroAVS Geometry File so called MGF, afterwards final using AWK data-processing automatically being to extract into the animation type MGF ASCII based movie file (i.e. the goal animation.mgfwas finally produced).
Additionally in this figure, using step sequence coordinated with AWK, the #0.mgf, #1.mgf, …#n.mgf, each one is all static type (not animation type) MicroAVS Geometry File with OpenGL-technology-enabled 3D numerical data with different point ways enabled viewing.Addition all gathered MGFs are compressed with OpenGL-technology-enabled 4D , then single animation MGF would be produced assisted with handmade AWK script.
Additionally in Fig. 2, contents which were common to both, these list means as below:  # Micro AVS Geom:2.00, the 1st line, the common header for Micro AVS Geometry ASCII file.
 sphere, the 2nd line must be concrete order.
 BaTiO3_for_Ba, the 3rd line, the arbitrary character strings.
 color, the 4th line, the vertex data type.
 The 5th line number, the component number.


In presented case, it should be described basic element type "sphere" in the second line, and the repetition.
 It should be described any name in the third line and the repetition.
 It should be described vertex data type in the fourth line and the repetition.
 sphere, it should be described definition the sphere which was appointed in central coordinate level, radius, having color or not, and the repetition.
 The vertex data type has "vertex" and "color", and the repetition.
 label, in the periodic domain, the 1st line must be concrete order, and the repetition.
 atom_position_label, in the periodic domain, the 2nd line must be the arbitrary character strings, and the repetition.
 color, in the periodic domain, the 3rd line must be the concrete order, and the repetition.
 font-type: Available font is the following; Courier, Helvetica, New Century, Times, Charter, Symbol, Roman, Script, Mathematics.You can appoint here from these font-type.www.ijacsa.thesai.org size: definition of font size.
 off-set size: definition of off-set, X Y Z.
 Caution font-type: label character must be less than 300.It should be surround with double quotation.Any metacharacter with special meaning may be quoted by preceding it with a backslash.
 The 6th line and the later, in the periodic domain, regarding the lavel, position(X, Y, Z), color(R, G, B) and the lavel of the arbitrary character strings with double-quotes.
 column, in the periodic domain, the 1st line must be concrete order, and the repetition.
 cylinder_2, in the periodic domain, the 2nd line must be the arbitrary character strings, and the repetition.
 dvertex_and_color, in the periodic domain, the 3nd line must be the concrete order, and the repetition.
 The 4th line number, in the periodic domain, the number of partitions of the column, and the repetition.
 The 5th line number, in the periodic domain, regarding the column, direction(X, Y, Z), radius, altitude and color(R, G, B), and the repetition.
 disjoint line, in the periodic domain, the 1st line must be concrete order, and the repetition.
 x_y_z_axis-drawing, in the periodic domain, the 2nd line must be the arbitrary character strings, and the repetition.
 color, in the periodic domain, the 3rd line must be the concrete order, and the repetition.
 "6", the 4th line number, the component number of vertex data for disjoint line.
 Caution disjoint line: the component number "6" of vertex data for disjoint line means 3 disjoint lines.
 The 5th line and the later on disjoint line part, in the periodic domain, regarding the vertex, position(X, Y, Z), and color(R, G, B).
 Caution the color for disjoint line: disjoint line have 2 point of vertex with deferent colors, it should be gradation color.
 The final # x y z radius R G B is the simple comment line, it should be able to add some comment line only in final domain, it should be added # to a head of a line.
In Fig 3, it has been shown a script-formed illustration for typical language rule optimized for standard AWK which is an interpreted programming language designed for text processing and typically used as a data extraction and reporting tool within Linux OS, Macintosh OS and opptional-installed MS Windows OS.Afterwards, the "result01" directory including in fig. 1  The "multidata2movie.awk.bat" is the presented batch-filename for producing a 4D-type animation redirect to "movie.mgf".
Above these files are summarized and typical examples are shown in Fig 5. for only the MS-Windows platform, listformed illustration for typical working directory structure by using version 3.2.5 MBCS (Multiple Byte Character Set) gawk.exe which is an interpreted programming language designed for Multiple Byte text processing tool.In summary, the "result01" is the static type MicroAVS Geometry Files' Directory for in fig. 1 of #0.mgf, #1.mgf, …#n.mgf, i.e. regarding in fig 2 for 00static.mgfand 01static.mgf(each one is 3D but not animation type) are all stored in it.Addition all gathered MGFs are compressed and produced a 4D type "animation" into presented working directory.In the meantime the animation MGF is produced and assisted with gawk.exe using "multidata2movie.awk"script, the "multidata2 movie.awk.bat" in fig 4 is the batch file for finally producing a 4D-type animation "movie.mgf".
print "" print "" print "" print "label"; print "title-label" # discretionary one word print "color" # vertex or color print "Courier 0. .mgf(each one is 3D but not animation type) are all stored in it.Addition all gathered MGFs are compressed and produced a 4D type "animation" into presented working Directory.In the meantime the animation MGF is produced and assisted with gawk.exe using "multidata2movie.awk"script, the "multidata2 movie.awk.bat" in fig 4 is the batch file for finally producing a 4D-type animation "movie.mgf".Fig. 4. For only the MS-Windows platform, script-formed illustration for typical batch-file for using gawk MS-DOS command-line which is an interpreted control command programming for batch sequence.The "multidata2movie.awk.bat" is the presented batch-filename for producing a 4D-type animation redirect to "movie.mgf".Fig. 6. 4D-type animation "movie.mgf"snapshot using "3D AVS player", where a 64bit-type frame shot and with "RNC (functional relation Ctrl+D)".Further to obtain a more accurate observation the movie, select the "perspective view(Ctrl+P)", play mode "cycle" and "play(Shift+R)".www.ijacsa.thesai.org Consequence in Fig. 6, it has been obtained a 4 Dimensional electronic textbook (4D-Text) regarding a typical dielectrics material structure of Perovskit crystalline formations of Barium Titanate where 4D means a combined 1D directionfreely-viewing and 3D animation-ing is continuously extracting while being changed and scaled viewpoint as user chosen continuously.In Barium Titanium (IV of coordination number) Oxide as BaTiO 3 , it is specific issue and would be discussed with thermal transition phenomenon between the para/ferro electorode that crystallography 4D structural animation addressing relevantly to virtual learning environments, e-learning tools, educational systems design and e-learning organization.
In Fig. 7, schematic illustration in unit of angstrom order, it has been shown two kind of snapshot among the para/ferro electorode transformation where left one of page 1 , right one of page 2, higher temperature structure of para-electorde shown as home position Ba (middle size of sphere), Oxide (large size of sphere) and Ti (small size one and hidden in Fig. 7), lower temperature structure of ferro-electorde shown as shifted position towards z-axis (i.e.c-axis in crystallography) direction with Ba and Ti(hidden), meanwhile as home position with Oxide, respectively, where in a same 4D-type animation "movie.mgf"using "3D AVS player", where to obtain a more accurate observation the movie, push "RNC (functional relation Ctrl+D)", then, push "B (Ctrl+O)" meaning Bottom, further select the "perspective view(Ctrl+P)".Caution in Fig. 7 and throughout the presented research, there is an assumption to distinct the transformation process between the page 1 and 2, they have an assumption in the following conditional clause to perform validation on the incoming page: among in the para/ferro electorode transformation,1.0angstrom order distance applied to the Ba (middle size of sphere) and Ti (small size one and hidden in Fig. 7), on the other hand Oxide (largest size of sphere) treatment is not indicated for this case since their polarization.
In general, it should be an actually-expected theme that crystalline Perovskite structure with a chemical formula ABX3 is constructed as follows; the type of anion spheres are X atoms (usually oxygens as O 2 - ), the another type of spheres are Batoms (a smaller metal cation, such as Ti 4+ ) and the third type of spheres are the A-atoms (a larger metal cation, such as Ba 2+ ).
Then thermal transformation between lower temperature ferroelectorode and higher temperature paraelectorode would be appear causing of their polarization with deformation, flexure and stress regarding under the Currie temperature environment.The phenomenon of stress induced would be able to refer the magneto-optical recording giant perpendicular magnetic anisotropy with Tb-Fe amorphous alloys [7,8].
Meanwhile, crystallographic pictured 4D-Text is as follows among these structures; the undistorted isometric-regular cubic, on the other hand, the symmetry lowered orthorhombic, tetragonal and trigonal in each Perovskites.
Besides presented L. Pauling's ionic radius for BaTiO3 [9] are shown in Table I and also presented single crystalline data for pure BaTiO3 [10] are shown in Table II.It has been obtained a characteristic performance in presented 4D movie, distance and specific character for overlap between nearest neighbor ionics that can be hardly identified are recognized.Meanwhile according in these value in the tables, it is difficult to distinct the nearest neighbor ionics overlap specific character.   .Two kind of page snapshots where left one is page 1 and right one is page 2 in a same 4D-type animation "movie.mgf"using "3D AVS player", where to obtain a more accurate observation the movie, push "RNC (functional relation Ctrl+D)", then, push "B (Ctrl+O)" meaning Bottom, further select the "perspective view(Ctrl+P)".www.ijacsa.thesai.orgFig. 8. Zooming the two kind of page snapshots where left one is page 1 and right one is page 2 in a same 4D-type animation "movie.mgf"using "3D AVS player", where to obtain a more accurate observation the movie with "perspective view(Ctrl+P)" mode.Center position the Ti atom, it is ease to recognize the diffusinon between the structre of para/ferro transformation.
Fig. 9. Since the Fig. 8 positions, extra zooming the two kind of page snapshots where left one is page 1 and right one is page 2 in a same 4D-type animation "movie.mgf"using "3D AVS player", where to obtain a more accurate observation the movie with also the "perspective view(Ctrl+P)" mode.Further the center position, also the Ti atom, it is ease to recognize the diffusinon between the structre of para/ferro transformation.www.ijacsa.thesai.org Additionally moreover, by use of the zooming operation with perspective viewing shown in Fig 8 and 9, although there is an assumption to distinct the transformation process between the higher and lower temperature of lattice transformation, i.e. among in the para/ferro electorode transformation, 1.0 angstrom order distance applied to the Ba and Ti, but Oxide treatment is not indicated for this case, it has been good method to recognize the transformation even onto the diffusion environment around hardly identified Ti atom in the place where it is easy to hide in are recognized.
It has been concluded that free OpenGL assisted 4D animation approach technique should be good way to achieve the organization for free 4D-Text e-learning using Free 3D viewing and manipulating the 4D animation data file created via MGF (MicroAVS Geometry File) approached.Additionally crystallography numerical data processing methods in Perovskit structure are to be using Freeware AWK language data-processing and extracting how to prepare the 4D with MGF.Therefore 4D-OpenGL Free e-Text is a possible guidance that enables studying Perovskit structure while changing a viewpoint directly to the instructor's guidance and accessing contents, transcribed by being captured screens and supplementary reference with properly alphanumeric characters and relevant information.Consequently, for the achievement of presented aim of Free 4D e-learning organizational issues, the technology of free-OpenGL is indispensable.
Summarized appendix is going to be shown in Fig. 10 IV.ADVANCED DOCUMENTATION DESCRIPTION [11]   For documentations in the OpenGL description, it would be complicated processes in general.However in MGF formatted, it will be more easy to describe only with numerical digits.We would like to show the typical rule for MGF formatted lettering as follows grammar.
The letter [11]   In generation letters.It will be defined coordinate of axes, having color / or not, a font, size, a style (bold-faces, etc) to display a letter, the character string that appointed the title letter.

label:
It is one of the types to generate a letter.It will be appointed one point of coordinate displaying any character strings.
A Grammar for Letter Descriptions Format [11] : # Micro AVS Geom: In the second line, it will be described imperative construct type label.
In the third line, it will be described any name.
In the fourth line, it will be described vertex data type.In the sixth line, it will be defined the number of the labels.It was read letter(s) which defined numericals.
In seventh line and the later, It will be described coordinate of axes (X,Y,Z), color (R,G,B) depending on vertex data type.
If the title is 1, then displayed letter was fully fixed, and the mouse operation cannot be under operation.
In the indication window, the Offset, and if the title is 1, it was the coordinate system to assume as (1,1,1) for the downstage right corner, meanwhile to assume as (-1,-1,-1) for the upstage left corner.
It will be changed by the aspect ratio of the indication window actually.Additionally the Z value influences stacking with the objects.

Fig. 1 .
Fig.1.Schematic illustration for step sequence coordinated with AWK , which is an interpreted programming language designed for text processing and typically used as a data extraction and reporting tool.The #0.mgf, #1.mgf, …#n.mgf, each one is all static type (not animation type) MicroAVS Geometry File with OpenGL-technology-enabled 3D numerical data with different point ways enabled viewing.Addition all gathered MGFs are compressed with OpenGL-technology-enabled 4D , then single animation MGF would be produced assisted with handmade AWK script.
of #0.mgf, #1.mgf, …#n.mgf, i.e. in fig 3 regarding practically for 00static.mgfand 01static.mgfwere stored.Addition all gathered these MGFs are compressed and re-produced single 4D-type animation type MicroAVS Geometry File.Afterward in Fig 4.for only the MS-Windows platform, script-formed illustration for typical batch-file for using gawk MS-DOS command-line which is an interpreted control command programming for batch sequence.

Fig. 2 .
Fig.2.In unit of angstrom order, listed and schematic illustration for the #0.mgf, #1.mgf, …#n.mgf, which is static type (not animation type) MicroAVS Geometry File with OpenGL-technology-enhanced 3D numerical data with different point ways enabled viewing.Left figure and right one are the #0.mgf i.e. 00static.mgfand the #1.mgf i.e. 01static.mgf,respectively.Afterward, gathered them of #0.mgf, #1.mgf, …#n.mgfMGFs are compressed with OpenGL-technology-enabled 4D animation MGF file.The underline value are the differenc between the left and the right.

Fig. 5 .
Fig.5.For only the MS-Windows platform, list-formed illustration for typical working Directory structure by using ver 3.2.5 MBCS (Multiple Byte Character Set) gawk.exe which is an interpreted programming language designed for Multiple Byte text processing tool.Afterwards, the "result01" is the static type MicroAVS Geometry Files' Directory for in fig.1of #0.mgf, #1.mgf, …#n.mgf, i.e. regarding in fig 2 for 00static.mgfand 01static.mgf(each one is 3D but not animation type) are all stored in it.Addition all gathered MGFs are compressed and produced a 4D type "animation" into presented working Directory.In the meantime the animation MGF is produced and assisted with gawk.exe using "multidata2movie.awk"script, the "multidata2 movie.awk.bat" in fig4is the batch file for finally producing a 4D-type animation "movie.mgf".

Fig. 3 .
Fig.3.Script-formed illustration for typical optimized standard AWK which is an interpreted programming language designed for text processing and typically used as a data extraction and reporting tool within opptional-installed MS Windows OS and so on.Afterwards, the "result01" Directory including in Fig.1 of #0.mgf, #1.mgf, …#n.mgf, i.e. in fig 3 regarding practically for 00static.mgfand 01static.mgfwere stored.Addition all gathered these MGFs are compressed and re-produced single 4D-type animation type MicroAVS Geometry File.

Fig. 7
Fig.7.Two kind of page snapshots where left one is page 1 and right one is page 2 in a same 4D-type animation "movie.mgf"using "3D AVS player", where to obtain a more accurate observation the movie, push "RNC (functional relation Ctrl+D)", then, push "B (Ctrl+O)" meaning Bottom, further select the "perspective view(Ctrl+P)".
, a almost final purchase product of the 4D "movie.mgf" is shown through a purchase procedure via awk script of Fig 3 and with the seed of static 3D MGFs of Fig 2.

Fig. 10 .
Fig.10.Schematic data listed representation as summarized appendix of a almost final purchase product of the 4D "movie.mgf"thatthrough a purchase procedure via awk script of Fig 3 and with the seed of static 3D MGFs of Fig 2..
Fig.10.Schematic data listed representation as summarized appendix of a almost final purchase product of the 4D "movie.mgf"thatthrough a purchase procedure via awk script of Fig 3 and with the seed of static 3D MGFs of Fig 2..