Competence Making on Computer Engineering Program by Using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)

This paper shows competence election for the students of the Academy of Information Management and Computer (AIMC) Mataram on computer engineering courses who completed the study in semester 1, 2 and 3 and choose lesson competence. The competence election on computer engineering courses is intended to make students get easier in choosing the appropriate competence and professional expertise of students in an effort to steer students to the ability and the students' academic achievement. It is an uneasy thing for the students. Limited information make the students find it difficult to choose the competence of determining the best based on the academic achievement and interest. To solve the problems, standard decision support system is required to help and provide a solution or an alternative based on the accurate data by using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) that is computerized. Keywords—Decision Support System; AHP; Competence; Criteria


INTRODUCTION
Everyone is often faced with a situation that is very frustrating and confusing, so everyone find it difficult to determine the choice of several options. A problem can be resolved in various ways, solutions or alternatives in problemsolving [8].
Academy of Information Management and Computer students at engineering study program who complete his or her study in semester 1, 2 and 3 choose the competence. It is intended to make students more easily in determining the appropriate competence and professional expertise of students to steer students to the ability and the students' academic achievement. It is uneasy to choose the competence because of the limited information. So, it is hard for them to choose it based on his or her interest.
Competence election is usually determined by three factors. The first is based on the parents. The second is based on the tradition. The third factor is the academic achievement of the students. Competence determination by these three factors will certainly make regret for the students concerned because they do not correspond to their talents, interests, and their profession [4].
To solve the problems, it is needed a standard decision support system that can help and provide a solution or the best alternative to solve problems effectively and efficiently based on factual data. Therefore, this study only focuses on the competence election on system engineering informatics courses using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) [5].

A. Decision Support System
Decision support system is an interactive information system that provides information, modeling, and manipulation of data. It was first introduced in the early 1970s by Michael S. Scott Morton with the terms Decision Management System. The concept of decision support is characterized by a computer-based interactive system that helps decision-making, utilize data and models to solve problems that are not structured [5].

B. Hierarchy Analytical Process (AHP)
Hierarchy Analytical Process (AHP) is a functional hierarchy that helps to be better in making the decision on issues that have a lot of objectives. Another goal of the AHP approach is to equip a framework and techniques rank viable alternatives based on decision making [1].
AHP is a decision support models developed by Thomas L. Saaty. It will outline the multi-factor problem or a complex multi-criterion into a hierarchy. According to Saaty, hierarchy is a representative of a complex problem in a multi-level structure and it is the first multi -level goal. It also followed the level of factors, criteria, sub-criteria, and the last of alternatives level. By using the hierarchy, a complex problem can be described in their groups were then organized into a hierarchical form so that the problem would appear more structured and systematic. AHP is often used as a method of solving the problem compared to other methods because of the following reasons [8]:  The hierarchical structure as a consequence of the criteria chosen to the deepest sub-criteria.
 Taking into account validation until the limit of tolerance inconsistencies various criteria and alternatives are selected by decision makers.
 Taking into account the durability of the sensitivity analysis output decision. www.ijacsa.thesai.org AHP was designed to reflect the way people think. This method enables the quantitative and qualitative aspects of the decision that will be taken into consideration. AHP reduces complex decisions into a series of one -on-one comparison that then gives accurate results. It also uses a scale to weight ratio and scoring criteria alternative that adds to the measurement precision [5].

C. Phase AHP Method
This study was done by using Process Analytical Hierarchy in making the decision. The stages in the method of AHP were as follows [11] 1) Define the problem and determine the desired solution. In this phase, the problems that faced is choosing the best competence based on the academic achievement of certain courses, ability test competence, and students' interests to get the right decision.
2) Make a hierarchical structure that begins with the main goal. The main destination is located on the top level, followed by the level of hierarchy and alternative.

4) Performing pairwise comparisons in order to obtain the number of votes as much entirely nx [ ( n -1 ) / 2 ].
Where n is the number of elements relevant to the comparison. The comparison of each element will be a number from 1 to 9 which shows a comparison of interests of an element.  8) Check the consistency of the hierarchy. As measured in Hierarchy Analytical Process is the ratio of consistency with seeing the consistency index. Consistency is expected that close to perfect in order to produce a valid decision approached. Consistency ratio expected to be less than 10%. 9) Berordo consistency index of the matrix n can be obtained by the following formula: The formula in determining the consistency ratio (CR)  Motif is something which continually thought or wanted by someone who causes the action.
 Nature is a physical characteristics and consistent response to the situation and information.
 The concept of personal (Self Concept), namely behavioral values and personal impressions of a person.
 Knowledge is information regarding a person who has a certain substance field.
 Skill is the ability to perform certain physical and mental tasks.

A. Types of Research
This study belongs to a qualitative research, because it tests the hypotheses by using statistical techniques. The statistical data obtained from the weighted value of certain subjects obtained by students in semester 1, 2 and 3, tests the ability of competence and interests of students using Hierarchy Process Analytical method and then tested with the Expert Choise 11 software [5].

B. Data Collecting Techniques
Data collecting techniques was conducted by collecting the students' paper score of the and performing weighting on three courses the student competence by giving the value of the sub criteria of competence (Very Good for grades 3-4, Good for the value of 2-Quite to the value of 2.9 and 1-1.9) and the value for each weighting is 1 to Very Good, 2 and 3 for Good Enough.
We gave a test with 10 questions that consisted of three for network computer technique, three for network multimedia technique, and three for Information technology and one for general question.
The data was collected after the students conducted the test. The scores were grouped based on the competence problems that exist with the sub-criteria assessment of the results obtained by the students (Very Good for grades 3-4, Good for the value of 2-2.9 and 1-1.9 Enough to value) and value for each weighting is 1 to Very Good, 2 for Good and 3 for Undecided.
Giving questionnaire based on the students' interest by circling the numbers which indicated on each competency with the provisions of sub-criteria (1 to choice Interests First, 2 For option Interest Second, and Third Interests 3 for selection).
Collecting questionnaires that were filled by the students and categorized it into some category options 1, 2 and 3.

A. Design System
Decision-making system design using Hierarchy Process Analytical method shown in Figure 2         To fill in the results in Table 11, multiplication was made between vector invitation criterion vector value sub-criteria, and adding each of the multiplication results.

C. Results
The result of the study by using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was implemented into Expert Choice 11 software to determine the level of accuracy in decision making. The results obtained from Expert Choice 11 software as in figure below:

V. CONCLUSION
Based on the competence election on computer engineering, courses at the Academy of Information Management and Computer Mataram used Hierarchy Process Analytical methods, Expert Choice and 11 software with the value of certain courses, competence test ability, and students' interests. It can be concluded that the students do not find it difficult to choose his or her major.