Modelling Dimensions and Indicators of Readiness for Lean 4.0 Implementation in Indonesian Industries

The integration of Lean Manufacturing and Industry 4.0, known as Lean 4.0, has emerged as a strategic approach to enhancing operational efficiency, digital transformation, and competitiveness in modern industries. The rapid development of Industry 4.0 has driven a massive transformation in the global manufacturing sector, including Indonesia, which continues to face competitiveness challenges due to limitations in technological capabilities, human resources, and organizational culture. However, the successful implementation of Lean 4.0 requires a structured and measurable level of organizational readiness. This study aims to model the key dimensions and indicators that define the readiness of Indonesian companies for Lean 4.0 implementation. Using a mixed-methods approach of qualitative and quantitative analysis, this study begins with a meta-synthesis of existing literature and expert interviews to identify initial dimensions and indicators, followed by a structured survey to validate the model. The analytical framework integrates the theoretical foundations of Lean and Industry 4.0 principles, existing readiness assessment models, as well as models from key references. The key finding is a proposed model for Lean 4.0 Readiness for Indonesian industries, consisting of 6 key dimensions and 41 indicators. The 6 key dimensions are: Leadership and Strategy, People and Culture, Technology and Digital Infrastructure, Operation and Process, Product and Service, and External Collaboration and Integration. Expert validation and pilot testing confirmed the consistency and contextual relevance of this model for industries in Indonesia. The finding contributes to theory and practice by providing a comprehensive and diagnostic framework for evaluating Lean 4.0 implementation readiness, as well as supporting the development of a readiness model that can be adapted to another industrial park in Indonesia.

@article{Sarjono2025,
  title     = {Modelling Dimensions and Indicators of Readiness for Lean 4.0 Implementation in Indonesian Industries},
  journal   = {International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications},
  volume    = {16},
  number    = {12},
  year      = {2025},
  publisher = {The Science and Information Organization},
  author    = {Sarjono Sarjono and Pudji Hastuti and Satrio Utomo and Gani Soehadi and Budi Setiadi Sadikin and Manifas Zubair and Jaizuluddin Mahmud and Rizki Arizal Purnama and Hardono Hardono and Helen Fifianny},
  doi       = {10.14569/IJACSA.2025.0161275},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.14569/IJACSA.2025.0161275}
}