A Layered Security Perspective on Internet of Medical Things: Challenges, Risks, and Technological Solutions

The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) refers to smart devices that are used in their transformation of the healthcare sector with continuous monitoring in real time, remote diagnostics as well as real time data exchange. nevertheless such systems are being targeted by a number of challenges like data breaches, unauthorized users and service interruptions. The study uses the PRISMA 2020 method and analyzes 25 peer-reviewed articles that were published between 2020 and 2025. Security risks are identified and mapped on the IoMT architecture’s perception, network, application and cloud layers. One of the key findings was confirming the fact that blockchain based identity management, algorithmic lightweight cryptographic protocol, and Artificial Intelligence(AI) driven intrusion detection systems can potentially address these risks. However, these areas are still limited in terms of interoperability, resource efficiency, and there are no solutions against the emerging quantum threats. A number of countermeasures achieved almost perfect detection accuracy over 98%, leading to increased security for IoMT systems. In order to solve the above issues, the framework, TrustMed-IoMT, is introduced to integrate blockchain-based identity management, intelligent intrusion detection and encryption that is safe against quantum attacks.

@article{Almulla2025,
  title     = {A Layered Security Perspective on Internet of Medical Things: Challenges, Risks, and Technological Solutions},
  journal   = {International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications},
  volume    = {16},
  number    = {5},
  year      = {2025},
  publisher = {The Science and Information Organization},
  author    = {Ziad Almulla and Hussain Almajed and M M Hafizur Rahman},
  doi       = {10.14569/IJACSA.2025.0160576},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.14569/IJACSA.2025.0160576}
}