A Conceptual Model for Detecting Contactless Drug Distribution Based on Behavioural Analysis and Geospatial Visualisation

Abstract: This study proposes a multi-level system for detecting contactless drug distribution transactions. This system integrates behavioural pattern recognition as the primary detection channel, detection of night-time activity spikes as an enhancing module, and facial matching as an additional probabilistic evaluation layer. The system identifies a two-phase structure of covert transactions. Both the courier’s placement of the product and the buyer’s retrieval produce recognizable behavioural sequences at the same geographic location. Signal-to-noise ratio analysis identified a detection threshold at an SNR of approximately 17. It provides a quantitative foundation for camera placement planning. The behavioural pattern recognition pipeline integrates YOLO-Pose for skeleton estimation and employs classical machine learning models, including Random Forest and Gradient Boosting, for temporal action classification. The ST-GCN architecture is considered a future extension pending the availability of a larger annotated dataset.

Medeu Kurmangali, Talgat Akimzhanov, Kanat Kazhibaev, Kulambayev Bakhytzhan and Moshkalov Altynbek. “A Conceptual Model for Detecting Contactless Drug Distribution Based on Behavioural Analysis and Geospatial Visualisation”. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications (IJACSA) 17.5 (2026). http://dx.doi.org/10.14569/IJACSA.2026.0170525

@article{Kurmangali2026,
title = {A Conceptual Model for Detecting Contactless Drug Distribution Based on Behavioural Analysis and Geospatial Visualisation},
journal = {International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications},
doi = {10.14569/IJACSA.2026.0170525},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.14569/IJACSA.2026.0170525},
year = {2026},
publisher = {The Science and Information Organization},
volume = {17},
number = {5},
author = {Medeu Kurmangali and Talgat Akimzhanov and Kanat Kazhibaev and Kulambayev Bakhytzhan and Moshkalov Altynbek}
}