A Smart IoT-Based Communication and Optimization System for Hajj and Umrah Services

Abstract: The management of Hajj and Umrah services requires reliable communication, continuous location awareness, and rapid emergency response because pilgrims move in dense and dynamic environments. This study presents a smart Internet of Things (IoT) based communication and optimization system for Hajj and Umrah services. The system integrates GPS-enabled wearable devices, a panic button emergency mechanism, cellular data transmission, a centralized cloud dashboard, and a network-aware deep neural network (DNN) component for congestion risk prediction. Unlike a purely sensing-oriented tracking system, the proposed framework explicitly incorporates communication indicators, including end-to-end latency, packet delivery ratio, jitter, and bandwidth utilization, as part of the monitoring and prediction pipeline. The prototype was implemented using a wearable tracking device and a web-based dashboard, while the prediction component was evaluated on a simulation dataset containing spatiotemporal mobility and network performance variables. Functional verification produced a black-box functional success rate of 95.6%, which is reported only as an implementation reliability indicator. The congestion risk classifier achieved 80.0% accuracy with macro-averaged precision, recall, and F1 score values of 0.72, 0.77, and 0.74, respectively. The evaluation also defines baseline comparisons, confusion matrix analysis, ROC-based assessment, and network-level stress scenarios to clarify the scientific interpretation of the results. The findings indicate that a network-aware IoT architecture can improve situational awareness and support timely operational decision-making for large-scale pilgrimage services, while full validation still requires larger real-world deployment data.

T. H. F. Harumy, M. Gahara, M. F. Sipahutar, A. Zakiyah, N. A. Hasna, E. Ikhsan, Yusuf N. Buwono and Haposan Delon Pasaribu. “A Smart IoT-Based Communication and Optimization System for Hajj and Umrah Services”. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications (IJACSA) 17.5 (2026). http://dx.doi.org/10.14569/IJACSA.2026.0170529

@article{Harumy2026,
title = {A Smart IoT-Based Communication and Optimization System for Hajj and Umrah Services},
journal = {International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications},
doi = {10.14569/IJACSA.2026.0170529},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.14569/IJACSA.2026.0170529},
year = {2026},
publisher = {The Science and Information Organization},
volume = {17},
number = {5},
author = {T. H. F. Harumy and M. Gahara and M. F. Sipahutar and A. Zakiyah and N. A. Hasna and E. Ikhsan and Yusuf N. Buwono and Haposan Delon Pasaribu}
}