Spatial Anemia and Osmotic Fragility of Erythrocytes in Microgravity Conditions: A Systematic Review

The study of the effects of microgravity on the human body has become increasingly relevant in biomedical research, particularly with regard to hematological changes. Therefore, the objective was to analyze the available scientific evidence on the impact of microgravity, both real and simulated, on erythrocytes with emphasis on osmotic fragility, cell membrane stability, and hemolysis. Likewise, 40 articles were selected using the PRISMA methodology, using the Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and IEEE Xplore databases, applying inclusion and exclusion criteria that had been previously established. Tools such as VOSviewer were also used, which facilitated the visualization of patterns of collaboration and scientific production. The results showed that microgravity produces remarkable changes in erythrocytes, such as an increase in hemolysis, alterations in the capacity for cell deformation, increased oxidative stress, and variations in the membrane. However, most research shows indirect information when it comes to osmotic fragility, with few applications of standardized measurements such as OFT or MCF-H50. In conclusion, severity influences the integrity and functionality of erythrocytes, leading to spatial anemia, although studies with greater standardization in their methodology are needed.

@article{Ocares-Cunyarachi2026,
  title     = {Spatial Anemia and Osmotic Fragility of Erythrocytes in Microgravity Conditions: A Systematic Review},
  journal   = {International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications},
  volume    = {17},
  number    = {6},
  year      = {2026},
  publisher = {The Science and Information Organization},
  author    = {Lilian Ocares-Cunyarachi and Natalia Vargas-Cuentas and Avid Roman-Gonzales and Georgina Chávez and Brigitte Torres-Pinedo and Ana Huamani-Huaracca},
  doi       = {10.14569/IJACSA.2026.0170640},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.14569/IJACSA.2026.0170640}
}