Abstract: Existing primary education is not organized properly to fulfil the demand of fourth industrial revolution (IR 4.0) which causes lack of engagement in learning materials, lack of spatial ability and motivation towards learning by young age students. Students especially from initial education level tend to learn from seeing rather than reading or memorizing. In this context, technology like augmented reality and virtual reality bears such visual power in lieu with interactivity and engaging characteristics by bringing virtual and real world together. In addition, flexible presentation mechanisms in lieu with tagging and tracking technology with various degree of freedom provide the effective ground of augmented reality and virtual reality to integrate with current primary education or initial level of education. In this context, this research presents comprehensive and critical reviews in the previous research in terms with several aspects such as methods, research design and experimental validation. Each of the aspects is demonstrated with adequate advantages and disadvantages to design the integration of augmented reality and virtual reality with primary education methodology. In addition, this research illustrates extensive critical explanation for various challenges to integrate augmented reality and virtual reality with primary education to make students motivated towards education, effective activity and memorization with visualization. The overall investigation proposed in this research is expected to fulfil the future demand for Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR 4.0).

A F M Saifuddin Saif, Zainal Rasyid Mahayuddin and Azrulhizam Shapi'i, “Augmented Reality based Adaptive and Collaborative Learning Methods for Improved Primary Education Towards Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR 4.0)” International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications(IJACSA), 12(6), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14569/IJACSA.2021.0120672

@article{Saif2021,
title = {Augmented Reality based Adaptive and Collaborative Learning Methods for Improved Primary Education Towards Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR 4.0)},
journal = {International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications},
doi = {10.14569/IJACSA.2021.0120672},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.14569/IJACSA.2021.0120672},
year = {2021},
publisher = {The Science and Information Organization},
volume = {12},
number = {6},
author = {A F M Saifuddin Saif and Zainal Rasyid Mahayuddin and Azrulhizam Shapi'i}
}