IT Spin-Offs Challenges in Developing Countries

IT-enabled spin-off ventures in developing countries’ higher learning institutions have the potential to transform academic research into commercially viable products, thereby fostering economic and technological progress. However, practical implementation faces significant challenges, particularly in conflict areas, such as limited resources, socio-political instability, skill gaps, weak intellectual property laws, and inadequate frameworks for protecting innovation. Objective: This study aims to mitigate these challenges by proposing a strategic framework that leverages universities' available resources to promote IT-enabled spin-offs. This framework addresses barriers and converts challenges into opportunities. Methods: This case study focused on higher learning institutions in developing countries. Specifically, this study examines the unique constraints faced by Palestinian higher learning institutions in conflict zones in order to design a tailored IT-enabled spin-off framework. Results: The proposed framework aligns with the National Development Plan and offers pathways for universities to overcome practical barriers. It emphasizes transforming research output into sustainable IT spin-off ventures that support entrepreneurship and innovation. Conclusions: This study highlights the critical need for a new strategic framework for higher learning institutions that incorporates IT-enabled spinoffs as a guiding principle to promote innovation and entrepreneurship. The proposed framework addresses current gaps and provides actionable solutions for advancing sustainable development in conflict-affected regions.

@article{Musleh2025,
  title     = {IT Spin-Offs Challenges in Developing Countries},
  journal   = {International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications},
  volume    = {16},
  number    = {1},
  year      = {2025},
  publisher = {The Science and Information Organization},
  author    = {Mahmoud M. Musleh and Ibrahim Mohamed and Hasimi Sallehudin and Hussam F. Abushawish},
  doi       = {10.14569/IJACSA.2025.0160113},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.14569/IJACSA.2025.0160113}
}