Abstract: This paper introduces the Virtual Reality Dashboard Design Ontology (VRDDO), an ontological framework developed to address the absence of standardized methodologies in designing Virtual Reality (VR) dashboards for complex data visualization, particularly in smart farm monitoring. The VRDDO is built upon the Design Science Research (DSR) approach and anchored in Kernel Theory, specifically the Ecological Psychological Perspective (EPP) theory and Business Model Ontology (BMO). During the design and development phase of DSR, the Unified Ontological Approach (UoA) is applied as the ontology development methodology, to design and construct VRDDO as a design artifact. By offering a structured framework for VR dashboard design, VRDDO aims to enhance data interpretation and decision-making in immersive environments. Additionally, this ontology forms the basis for a Virtual Reality Dashboard Design Method, establishing a systematic and user-centric approach to developing efficient VR dashboards. This research is significant for its potential to improve VR dashboard development across diverse domains, facilitate knowledge sharing, and eliminate fragmented, ad-hoc practices in immersive data visualization.

Liew Kok Leong, Fazita Irma Tajul Urus, Muhammad Arif Riza, Mohammad Nazir Ahmad and Ummul Hanan Mohamad, “Using EPP Theory and BMO-Inspired Approach to Design a Virtual Reality Dashboard Design Ontology” International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications(IJACSA), 16(4), 2025. http://dx.doi.org/10.14569/IJACSA.2025.0160490

@article{Leong2025,
title = {Using EPP Theory and BMO-Inspired Approach to Design a Virtual Reality Dashboard Design Ontology},
journal = {International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications},
doi = {10.14569/IJACSA.2025.0160490},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.14569/IJACSA.2025.0160490},
year = {2025},
publisher = {The Science and Information Organization},
volume = {16},
number = {4},
author = {Liew Kok Leong and Fazita Irma Tajul Urus and Muhammad Arif Riza and Mohammad Nazir Ahmad and Ummul Hanan Mohamad}
}