Abstract: In the modern era, recent advancement in computer vision has led to emergent attention in lip reading. Indeed, lip-reading is used to understand speech without hearing it, and the process is mentioned as a lip-reading system. To construct an automatic lip-reading system, locating the lip and defining the lip region is essential, especially under different lighting conditions, significantly impacting the robustness of the lip-reading system. Unluckily, in previous studies, lip localization under illumination and shadow consideration has not been well solved. In this paper, we extant a local region-based approach towards the lip-reading system. It consists of four significant parts, firstly detecting/localizing the human face, mouth and lip region of interest in the first video frame. Secondly, apply pre-processing to overwhelmed the inference triggered by illumination effects, shadow and teeth appearance, thirdly create contour line using sixteen key points with geometric constraint and stored the coordinates of these constraints. Finally, track the coordinates of sixteen points in the following frames. The proposed method adapts to the lip movement and is robust in contrast to the appearance of teeth, shadows, and low contrast environment. Extensive experiments show encouraging results and the proposed method's effectiveness compared to the existing methods.

Waqqas ur Rehman Butt and Luca Lombardi, “Lip Detection and Tracking with Geometric Constraints under Uneven Illumination and Shadows” International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications(IJACSA), 12(8), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14569/IJACSA.2021.0120803

@article{Butt2021,
title = {Lip Detection and Tracking with Geometric Constraints under Uneven Illumination and Shadows},
journal = {International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications},
doi = {10.14569/IJACSA.2021.0120803},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.14569/IJACSA.2021.0120803},
year = {2021},
publisher = {The Science and Information Organization},
volume = {12},
number = {8},
author = {Waqqas ur Rehman Butt and Luca Lombardi}
}