Abstract: With the ever-increasing rate of cyber threats, especially through malicious domain names, the need for their effective detection and prevention becomes very urgent. This study mainly investigates the classification of domain names into either benign or malicious classes based on DNS logs using machine learning. We evaluated five strong ML models: XGBoost, LightGBM, CatBoost, Stacking, and Voting Classifier, in an effort to obtain high accuracy, F1 score, AUC, recall, and precision. The challenge in that direction is to achieve a very good solution, without using deep learning techniques for low computational cost. Moreover, this project has an obligation to upgrade the cybersecurity landscape by embedding the best-performing model into the DNS firewall to enable protection against harmful domains in real time. Our dataset was collected and curated to include 90,000 domain names, including an equal number of safe and harmful, respectively, extracting 34 features from DNS logs and further enriched using publicly available data.

Lamis Alshehri and Samah Alajmani, “Malicious Domain Name Detection Using ML Algorithms” International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications(IJACSA), 16(3), 2025. http://dx.doi.org/10.14569/IJACSA.2025.0160348

@article{Alshehri2025,
title = {Malicious Domain Name Detection Using ML Algorithms},
journal = {International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications},
doi = {10.14569/IJACSA.2025.0160348},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.14569/IJACSA.2025.0160348},
year = {2025},
publisher = {The Science and Information Organization},
volume = {16},
number = {3},
author = {Lamis Alshehri and Samah Alajmani}
}